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1.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 27(1): 9-19, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-843784

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Mikania belongs to the Asteraceae family and includes a wide range of promising pharmacological activities. Several species of Mikania, which is popularly known in Brazil as “guaco”, occur in Southern Brazil and their external morphology is similar. The aim of this study was to investigate the morpho-anatomical characteristics of the leaf and stem of Mikania campanulata, Mikania cordifolia, Mikania glomerata, Mikania hastato-cordata, Mikania microptera and Mikania sessilifolia as a means of providing additional support for differentiating these taxa. The leaves and stems were investigated by employing scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy techniques. The morphological features of Mikania spp. leaves make it possible to differentiate between the species; nevertheless, when the plants were fragmented or pulverized the anatomical features of the leaves and stems supplied additional helpful data in this regard. The main anatomical characteristics were presence of hypodermis and lens shaped epidermal cells, set of trichomes; midrib, petiole and stem shape and vascular pattern; sclerenchymatous ring in the cortex, sclerenchymatous cells and secretory ducts in the pith.

2.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 25(4): 314-319, July-Aug. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-763207

ABSTRACT

AbstractBaccharis L. sect. Caulopterae, Asteraceae, comprises thirty species in Brazil that show stems represented by cladodes, which are very similar in morphology. These species are popularly known as “carqueja” in Brazil and Argentina and are used in popular medicine as diuretic and stomachic. The aim of this work was to examine the morpho-anatomical characters of cladodes of Baccharis pentaptera (Less.) DC. for diagnosis purposes. The plant material was prepared by light and scanning electron microscopy. B. pentaptera shows opposite and spread wings in the two-winged cladode axis and irregular arrangement in the three-winged cladode. The wings have a uniseriate epidermis with palisade parenchyma next to both sides of epidermis. The spongy parenchyma crossed by minor collateral vascular bundles is observed in the central region of wings. The glandular trichomes are capitate and biseriate and the non-glandular trichomes are uniseriate and flagelliform with 2–3 cells that extend from the base. In caulinar axis, there are uniseriate epidermis, chlorenchyma alternating with angular collenchyma and perivascular fiber caps adjoining the phloem which is outside the xylem. Prismatic and styloid crystals are verified in the perimedullary zone. These combined characters can assist the diagnosis of Baccharis species sect. Caulopterae.

3.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 57(6): 867-873, Nov-Dec/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-730396

ABSTRACT

The genus Calea belongs to the tribe Heliantheae and presents about 125 species. Calea serrata, popularly known as erva-de-cobra, chá-amargo and quebra-tudo, is an endemic species found in southern Brazil and is used in traditional medicine to treat ulcers and livers problems. The present work aimed to study the pharmacobotanical characters of leaves and stems of C. serrata for quality control purposes. The plant material was processed according to standard methods of light and scanning electron microscopy. Glandular capitate-stalked and capitate-sessile, uniseriate multicellular non-glandular trichome with tapered apical cell, conical non-glandular trichome, isobilateral mesophyll, secretory ducts near the endoderm and circular shape with six ribs in the stem were important characters, which contributed to the identification of the species.

4.
Säo Paulo; s.n; 2002. [231] p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-328051

ABSTRACT

Na presente tese examinamos o papel dos proteoglicanos e glicosaminoglicanos na divisao celular: adesao e proliferaçao de células em cultura CHO ("chinese hamster ovary") e sua mutante CHO-745 que é deficiente na síntese de glicosaminoglicanos devido a falta da enzima xilosiltransferase. Usando diferentes quantidades de células (selvagem e mutante) pouca adesao pode ser observada na presença de laminina e colágeno tipo I. Entretanto quando fibronectina e vitronectina foram usadas como substratos houve um aumento de adesao dos dois tipos celulares. Sómente a CHO selvagem mostrou adesao em funçao do tempo sobre colágeno tipo IV. Estes resultados sugerem que as duas linhagens celulares possuem diferentes propriedades de adesao. Ensaios de adesao usando colágeno tipo IV com células CHO cultivadas na presença de xilosídeo ou clorato, mostraram reduçao nos níveis de adesao, confirmando a importancia dos glicosaminoglicanos neste fenômeno. Várias evidências experimentais sugerem que os proteoglicanos de hepara sulfato estao envolvidos na adesao celular como moduladores positivos da proliferaça celular e como composto chave no processo de divisao celular. Ensaios de proliferaçao e ciclo celular demonstraram que uma diminuiçao das quantidades do proteoglicano nao inibem a proliferaçao da mutante CHO-745 quando comparadas com a célula selvagem pois os dois tipos celulares entram na fase S ao redor das 8 horas. A inteiraçoes celulas-matriz estao implicadas em uma grande variedade d funçoes. Estas inteiraçoes sao principalmente mediadas por integrinas que sa receptores da superfície celular e estao aparentemente envolvidas em adesao, migraçao e diferenciaçao. Por exemplo, a asj3, integrina está envolvida na migraçao e adesao da células sobre fibronectina. Também neste estudo, usando marcaçao radioativa com sulfato e imunoprecipitaçao...(au)


Subject(s)
CHO Cells , Glycosaminoglycans , Heparitin Sulfate , Proteoglycans , Receptors, Fibronectin
5.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 54(2): 245-59, jun. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-172048

ABSTRACT

Estudamos 16 casos entre 1400 biópsias musculares que apresentavam vacúolos marginados, cujo aspecto histológico sugeria corpos de inclusao citoplasmáticos. Procuramos correlacionar os dados clínicos, laboratoriais e histopatológicos, a fim de determinar a especificidade dos corpos de inclusao citoplasmáticos para determinadas doenças. A creatinaquinase mostrou-se elevada em 1O casos. A eletromiografia foi anormal em todos os casos. A histoquímica muscular em 5 casos revelou uma miopatia, em 7 padrao misto, em dois desinervaçao e em 2 casos miopatia inflamatória. A microscopia eletrônica demonstrou a presença de filamentos em 8 casos (nucleares, dispersos no citoplasma ou na regiao subsarcolemal). Os pacientes foram classificados conforme a história clínica, hereditariedade, dados laboratoriais, eletrofisiológicos, histoquímicos e microscopia eletrônica. Encontramos miosite com corpos de inclusao citoplasmática (4 casos), atrofia muscular espinhal juvenil (6 casos), miopatias distais (3 casos), distrofia de cinturas pélvica e escapular (2 casos) e polineuropatia periférica (1 caso). Apresentamos revisao sobre a patogenia, formaçao e possível etiologia dos vacúolos marginados e sua relaçao com as diversas entidades em que foram detectados, sugerindo que nao sao específicos para uma única doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Inclusion Bodies/pathology , Neuromuscular Diseases/pathology , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology , Vacuoles/pathology , Biopsy , Inclusion Bodies/ultrastructure , Neuromuscular Diseases/etiology , Electromyography , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/ultrastructure , Sensitivity and Specificity , Vacuoles/ultrastructure
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